NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK

TRUST FUND PROJECT FORMAT

"Control of (a Specific) Animal Disease(s)"

"Capacity Building
of the Government Ministry(ies) Responsible for
Animal Disease Surveillance, Reaction and Reporting"

"Livestock Health Certification for International Trade Purposes"

(PART II: PROJECT DESIGN)

A. GENERAL BACKGROUND

1. Description of livestock sub-sector

Information on the role in the economy of the country concerned (contribution to GDP, agricultural GDP, foreign trade, employment, nutrition and income); its sub-sector structure (main features of: (i) livestock population by type of animal; (ii) production systems; (iii) state of animal health; and (iv) major development constraints); and main features of the specific disease and its impact on the sub-sector.

2. Host country strategy

Concise descriptions of what strategies and objectives have been articulated by the Government for the sub-sector in general and/or the control of the specific disease in particular. The major relevant components of the strategies can be highlighted by bullet points.

3. Prior or on-going assistance in support of animal health/disease control

Brief information on specific programmes/projects (donors, major activities, and impact).

4. Institutional framework for livestock sub-sector

Areas of responsibility of government, parastatal or private institutions as they relate to the control of the specific disease. Indication of primary responsibility for solving the problem and thus where to locate the project.

• Share of livestock sub-sector in: GDP, agricultural GDP, foreign trade, agricultural employment. Average per caput income.
  
• Livestock population by geographical concentration and production system (smallholder/commercial; intensive/extensive).
  
• Share of farmers owning livestock by type and scale/intensity of enterprise.
  
• Estimated numbers of animals stricken by the specific disease.
  
• Estimates of financial losses at national and farming system level.
  
• Government development objectives for livestock sub-sector.
  
• On-going programmes and other relevant animal health measures.
  
• List of relevant completed and/or on-going programmes/projects.
  
• Organigram of relevant ministries with budget and staffing.

• FAO web site (www.fao.org)
  
• FAOSTAT
  
• Animal Production and Health Division web site "FAO Animal Health Pages"
  
• Technical Cooperation Department web site "Field Programme Management Information System"
  
• Office of FAO Representative concerned
  
• The World Bank (www.worldbank.org/data)
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Ministry of Public Health
  
• Ministry of Planning/Economic Cooperation

B. PROJECT RATIONALE-JUSTIFICATION

1. Problem to be addressed; the present situation

Concise description of the epidemiology of the specific disease, including important issues that will set the stage for project design. The text should include the geographical extent of the disease, any specific and unusual risk factors, speculation on its origin and direction of movement in the near term. It should also include the number of outbreaks occurring, the historical changes in its incidence and a description of the local assessment of the risk of cross-border/international spread. Note any specific Government, farmer or consumer group public expressions of concern. Draw attention to any specific mention of the national situation in the international context.

2. Expected end-of-project situation and sustainability of project results

A simple one or two sentence statement of the project goal is required here. Additional bullet points may highlight major objectives of the project and the key actions Government has to take to achieve the project goal.

3. Target beneficiaries

Brief description of the farming system of affected groups targeted, with special reference to low-income groups or gender, if applicable. Reference should also be made to any benefits expected to accrue to: (i) livestock owners; (ii) producers of livestock products; and (iii) consumers when the expected goal is accomplished; that is, the specific disease is eradicated or controlled.

4. Project strategy

Explain the reason for the choice of strategy; i.e. describe the technical and institutional activities and outputs required to reach the goal of eradicating the specific disease. Previous progress made by the country in controlling the disease should be cited. Note any new techniques, vaccines, and understanding of the disease that can be applied.

5. Institutional framework and counterpart support capacity

Describe the institutional arrangements and responsibilities for project implementation, provide a description of the Government implementation agency (location, functions, organizational structure, financial and staff resources) and how the project would fit into the structure. Describe the project's organizational structure and the respective managerial responsibilities for national and international staff.

6. Reasons for assistance from FAO/Government Cooperative Programme

Text needs to document FAO's comparative advantage in being a partner with the Government in controlling the specific disease.

7. Special considerations

This section can highlight special conditions of interest to the Government, the donor, FAO and the international community as a whole. These might include the need for national capacity building, sustainability of project achievements, impact on poverty alleviation, empowering women and their role in the development of the country.

8. Coordination arrangements

Indicate coordination with other parts of the Government and/or parastatal or private sector, which would have an indirect role in project implementation. There may be need for a steering committee to inform and coordinate among any overlapping responsibilities.

• Details of the specific disease (geographical extent, direction of movement, number of outbreaks, incidence, mortality rates).
  
• Major characteristics of farming systems of affected groups (typical mix of animals by age, gender and breed by major farming systems distinguished by smallholder and commercial farm types.
  
• Role of livestock in the farming system (milk, meat, draft, savings, dowry etc.).
  
• Number of farm families involved, average size of farm, benefits from controlling the specific disease.
  
• Organigram, budget and staff resources of the Government implementation agency.
  
• Key indicators of FAO's comparative advantage.
  
• Basic data concerning relevant ministries, parastatals, private sector institutions.

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities (central and provincial levels)
  
• Ministry of Planning/Finance
  
• Office of FAO Representative concerned

C. DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE

Explain how the project would contribute to accomplishing Government long-term objectives articulated for the livestock sub-sector in general and disease control in particular.

• Development targets set for the sub-sector with specific reference to animal health and disease control.

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Ministry of Planning/Finance

D. IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVE(S), OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES

1. Immediate objective 1: To institutionalize effective national capability for controlling the specific disease.

Outputs
1.1 Output 1: Sustained coordination of national control of the specific disease.

Activities
1.1.1 Activity 1 Participate in coordination meetings.
1.1.2 Activity 2 Provide support for laboratory diagnosis of the specific disease.
1.1.3 Activity 3: Continue implementation and coordination activities.
1.1.4 Activity 4: Provide technical advice and training to staff at all levels in disease recognition and control.
1.1.5 Activity 5: Analyze and enhance the effectiveness of international and national quarantine control.
1.1.6 Activity 6: Monitor progress in national control of the specific disease.

2. Immediate objective 2: To eliminate clinical cases of the specific disease from the last two endemic regions in the country.

Outputs
2.1. Output 1: Establishment of X Region(s) as free from clinical cases of the specific disease.

Activities
2.1.1 Activity 1: Further improve disease investigation and reporting.
2.1.2 Activity 2: Ensure that tissue samples are submitted back from every outbreak.
2.1.3 Activity 3: Continue blanket vaccination and activities in endemic areas and strategic vaccination when and where needed.
2.1.4 Activity 4: Conduct herd immunity exercises in commercial farms and other areas where vaccination is practised.
2.1.5 Activity 5: Monitor vaccine efficiency through vaccine trials.
2.1.6 Activity 6: Undertake surveillance to assess prevalence, monitor progress, modify strategy and confirm freedom.

3. Immediate objective 3: Maintain the areas already declared free of the specific disease and establish measures related to emergency preparedness.

Outputs and Activities

Outputs
3.1. Output 1: X Region(s) maintained free of the specific disease.

Activities
3.1.1. Activity 1: Institutionalize the serosurveillance activity whereby all regions declared free submit samples regularly.
3.1.2 Activity 2: Institutionalize negative incident reporting in disease-free areas.
3.1.3 Activity 3 Conduct management seminars on the disease for meat inspectors.
3.1.4 Activity 4: Prepare information packages for specific target audiences.
3.1.5 Activity 5: Lobby for the passage of the Animal Health Act.

Outputs
3.2. Output 2: Institute measures for disease emergency preparedness.

Activities
3.2.1. Activity 1: Conduct management seminars on the specific disease in provinces declared disease-free.
3.2.2. Activity 2: Establish formal linkages with relevant authorities.

• Number of staff/farmers trained.
  
• Number of workshops held.
  
• Number of field teams equipped for a specific task related to the epidemic.
  
• Number of abattoirs inspected.
  
• Specific, quantified interventions related to livestock trade.
  
• Details of improvement to network of laboratories and clinics.
  
• Number of animals vaccinated.
  
• Specific quarantine measures applied.
  
• Names and types of manuals or reports prepared.

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Ministry of Public Health

E. INPUTS

The inputs to be provided to carry out planned activities (goods, services, personnel, vehicles, equipment) must be sufficient to produce the project outputs and to achieve the stated objectives. The description should specify: (i) international and national consultants (specialization and duration), equipment (quantity and specification), fellowships and study tours (field and duration of study) etc. and (ii) purpose for which provided. The timing and sequencing of inputs should be shown in the work plan annexed, together with a detailed description of inputs that are to be used.

• Details on goods (type and quantity), services (nature and length of period), personnel (specialization and duration), vehicles (type and quantity), equipment (quantity and specification) - See also Section I. "Budget".

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities

F. RISKS

Risks are generally interpreted in terms of the negative effects of unexpected events. Some mention needs to be made of the probability of the risks occurring, the effects if they do occur, and how the project has been designed to mitigate such risks.

• Examples of events that negatively-effected projects in the past and information on corrective measures taken at the time.

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Office of FAO Representative concerned
  
• FAO Technical Division concerned

G. PRIOR OBLIGATIONS AND PRE-REQUISITES

Describe actions to be taken by Government for commencing the project (prior obligation) and to facilitate implementation. Discuss actions which do not effect commencement but which can cause serious disruption during implementation (pre-requisites). Enabling legislation, a diagnostic laboratory building and equipment are examples of significant actions that Government should commit to and effect, prior to the project being funded or signed by the donor or implementing agency. If these obligations cannot be reasonably met by Government prior to commencement of the project, they can be included in the outputs, activities and inputs of the project.

• List of relevant laws, inventory describing the current state of laboratory buildings and equipment.

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Legal Department

H. PROJECT REPORTING, REVIEWS AND EVALUATION

Project monitoring and evaluation requirements are subject of discussion with the concerned donor and may vary according to budget size and donor requirements. The arrangements should conform, to the extent possible, to the general Monitoring and Evaluation Systems appropriate for FAO Trust Fund projects, as outlined in the "Guidelines for Project Formulation for Trust Fund Projects".

• Actual implementation of activities as compared to work plan.
  
• Identification of specific problems and constraints.
  
• Project expenditures.
  
• Recommendations for corrective measures that may be required.

• Project records/Project staff
  
• Records from National Veterinary Authorities, and regional/provincial/local government
  
• On-going participatory monitoring
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health

I. BUDGET (PLAN OF EXPENDITURE)

Line items and formats vary with the Trust Fund Donor. Typically, a distinction is made between:

(i) Government Contribution in Kind (estimated in local currency)
Personnel
Travel
Miscellaneous/General Operating Expenses
Equipment
Premises
Training, and

(ii) Donor Contribution (estimated in US$)
Personnel
Office Travel
Contractual Services
Supplies and Materials
Furniture and Equipment
Acquisition and Improvement of Premises
Training, Fellowships, Grants and Contributions.

• Personnel (number of person-months and unit costs for national professional and support staff, and for international and national consultant).
  
• Travel (number, itinerary and traveller specifications.
  
• Cost of domestic and international travel, incl. DSA.
  
• Miscellaneous/general operating expenses (a fixed rate).
  
• Contractual services (details, duration).
  
• Equipment (quantity and unit cost; see also list of equipment in Annex III).
  
• Supplies and Materials (quantities and per unit cost of stationery and supplies).
  
• Premises (description of location and current state).
  
• Training (training needs by categories, numbers, levels, discipline, location, and cost per unit).
  
• FAO support cost (fixed rate, which varies by type of project).

• Team Leader
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Office of FAO Representative concerned
  
• UNDP
  
• Suppliers of equipment
  
• Travel agents

J. ANNEXES

I. Work Plan
II. Training Programme (if required)
III. Equipment/Supplies (if required)
IV. Job Descriptions (if required)
V. Logical Framework Matrix (if required)

Annex I. Work Plan
The detailed work plan, prepared by the project formulators for the entire project duration, is to show how, with the budgeted resources, project activities are to be implemented and outputs produced. For each significant activity the work plan should show the timeframe, the unit responsible and the major inputs required. The work plan is updated every year. A bar chart can be used for presentation.

• Details listing of activities.
  
• Project reporting, reviews and evaluation requirements.
  
• Phasing/timeframe of project activities.

• Main body of project document
  
• Team Leader
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities

Annex II. Training Programme

This Annex is required when substantial or complex training programmes are involved. There is no fixed format for this Annex which may be drawn to whatever level of detail is needed for the project; nature and timing/duration of the intended training (workshops, seminars, fellowships, study tours).

• Detailed quantitative estimates of training needs, numbers, level, subject location, duration, cost estimates.

• Team Leader
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• FAO technical division concerned

Annex III. Equipment/Supplies

This Annex is required only in projects where the cost of equipment and supplies represent more than 10 percent of the total project cost.

• Nature and specification, quantity and unit cost of individual items.

• Assessment of availability and needs
  
• Donors requirements
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Team Leader
  
• Local suppliers
  
• On-going development projects
  
• Office of FAO Representative concerned

Annex IV. Job Descriptions

This Annex should provide detailed Terms of Reference/job descriptions for international and/or national experts that would be involved in the project.

• Detailed listing of project personnel, indicating expertise required, location and duration of assignment.

• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• Team Leader
  
• FAO Technical Division concerned
  

Annex V. Logical Framework Matrix

A useful planning, verification and document writing tool. The matrix should be prepared early in the formulation process and modified as and when need arises. Completing the matrix forces the writer to write concisely and logically when formulating objectives, critically defining indicators of achievement and the means of verification, and discussing assumptions about carrying out the activities. (See sample attached.)

• See Section C. "Immediate Objective(s), Outputs and Activities"; plus indicators of achievement, means of verification and assumptions for each these levels of the project hierarchy.

• Project request, project concept and project rationale-justification
  
• Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Animal Health/National Veterinary Authorities
  
• See Toolkit page on "Logical Framework Analysis"

EXAMPLE OF LOGICAL FRAMEWORK MATRIX
Control of an Identified Animal Disease

To continue support to existing Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) control efforts, with a special emphasis on complete eradication and achieve international recognition for disease freedom.

EXAMPLE OF LOGICAL FRAMEWORK MATRIX
Control of an Identified Animal Disease(Continued)

EXAMPLE OF LOGICAL FRAMEWORK MATRIX
Control of an Identified Animal Disease(Continued)