(TCP PROJECT EXAMPLE)

Country:	X
Project:	TCP/.../...
Title:	Phytosanitary Programme for Detection, Evaluation and Eradication of the Carambola Fruitfly in the Eastern Coasts of ... and along its borders with ... and .... (LATIN AMERICA)
Date Started:	November 199-
Date Completed:	November 200-
Government Organization Responsible for Execution:	Ministry of Agriculture Plant Protection Service
FAO Contribution	US$149,110

Signed-------------------------------- On behalf of the Government of ...

Signed------------------------------------ Jacques Diouf Director General (On behalf of FAO)

I. Summary

The production and export of fresh fruits contribute significantly to the agricultural output and GDP of Country X. The presence of the Carambola fruitfly in countries bordering Country X and some of its neighbouring trading partners poses a high risk of its introduction and spread into Country X and consequent disruption in production and export of fresh fruits.

The pest appears to be spreading in the region and adequate phytosanitary safeguards and surveillance systems need to be put in place to minimize the risk to endangered areas.

The national phytosanitary capabilities are inadequate to respond effectively to this threat and the Government is unable to find the necessary funds to urgently address the problem. In this regard, the Government of Country X has approached FAO for urgent assistance in establishing the necessary phytosanitary controls and programmes for preventing entry into endangered areas of the country.

II. Background and Justification

The Carambola fruitfly Bactrocera carambolae Drew and Hancock (Diptera: Tephritidae) was originally confused with Bactrocera dorsalis, the oriental fruitfly which for more than 100 years has been responsible for causing great loss to horticultural crops in the Asian continent.

In the American Continent, Bactrocera carambolae was detected for the first time in Suriname in 1975. From there it gradually spread and was detected in the West Coast in Coronie in 1986, then in French Guyana in 1989.

In spite of eradication campaigns against this pest, it still persists in countries bordering Country X, therefore posing a serious threat to the country.

In ..., it is found the on the border with ...., where quarantine and control measures are in place to prevent the spread. However, there is still the risk of introduction due to the illegal fruit trade between this country and Country X.

Trapping activities in .... indicate that the pest has spread to inhabited areas along the coast from .... in the West to .... in the East, the boundary area with .... On land, it has reached up to 30 km along the riverbanks.

On the .... border, specifically in the city of ..., infestation and spread of the pest are increasing.

In the neighbouring country of ..., eradication work on the Carib fruitfly is carried out in the whole territory, with the development of major activities in the states of ..... Other federal bodies mainly monitor the entry ports for cargo and passengers. In April 199-, a large infestation was verified in the city of ..., and in June 199-, it was detected in the Municipal district of ...

Bactrocera carambolae has been detected on 130 to 236 plant species. In one neighbouring country, primary hosts are Averrhoa, Carambola, Tamarind and Syzygium samarangense (water apple).

Agriculture is one of the major industries of Country X, and the production and export of fresh fruit to international markets represent a substantial investment of resources. The presence of this pest in countries exporting fruit from South America has caused great concern to importing countries. The USA, one of the most important markets for Country X's fresh fruits, has established restrictive quarantine measures for fresh fruit trade with countries infested with the Carambola fruitfly. Country X's fruit trade is now threatened, and the country is required to demonstrate that this pest does not occur in the country, and establish acceptable, reliable and transparent phytosanitary measures/safeguards for effective exclusion and the avoidance of trade disruption.

Since 1986, quarantine measures imposed by importing countries have resulted in substantial reduction of fruit and plant exports from South America. The possibility of spreading the Carib fruitfly due to the movement of fruits, suggests a situation which demands the application of quarantine control measures to address this problem immediately.

In view of the urgent necessity to initiate trapping activities and fruit sampling, because of the high possibility of introducing the pest across its borders with ...., because of the free fruit trade with ..., and because of scarcity of resources budgeted for developing the phytosanitary programme, the Government of Country X has approached the FAO for technical assistance from its emergency fund.

Consistent with its policy to expand fruit production and exploit export opportunities, the Government has established and maintained pest surveillance and management particularly in areas of commercial fruit production as a phytosanitary requirement and to provide transparency with trading partners. Over the past decade, surveillance of fruitflies particularly in citrus and mangoes has allowed the expansion of exports of citrus to Caribbean countries, and mangoes to the USA following established treatment protocols.

The Government has given written assurance of its commitment to use this project as a catalyst for maintaining heightened vigilance and strengthened surveillance beyond the conclusion of this project in utilizing trained personnel to train other nationals, allocating necessary financial requirements and elaborating a project/plan for sustained phytosanitary action.

The collaboration of the Government and private stakeholders in establishing phytosanitary programmes offers a firm basis for sustained effort to protect and promote fresh fruit exports. The assistance requested from FAO is complementary to, and in support of Government's policy initiatives towards fruit production and exports.

III. Objectives of the Assistance

The objective of the project is to establish surveillance mechanisms and quarantine controls to detect and prevent the spread of the Carambola fruitfly along the ... coast of Country X and in areas bordering with countries where the pest is known.

This will be achieved through:

1. Establishment of an appropriate trapping system in areas where this is deemed necessary for fruitfly detection.
2. Establishment of an efficient /effective fruit-sampling method.
3. Training of technicians in pest diagnosis and recognition and control methods.
4. Increasing public awareness (posters, leaflets, radio and television programmes) for cooperation /collaboration in preventing the introduction and spread of the pest.
5. Developing emergency response strategy for eradication in the event of detection.
6. Soliciting regional cooperation with bordering states in restricting the spread of the pest.
7. Strengthening the phytosanitary control posts to adequately respond to the threat of fruitfly introduction.

IV. Work Plan

• Consultants will be recruited for the project within the first 2 months of project approval.

January 2000

• A Project Management Team consisting of a National Programme Coordinator, Senior Phytosanitary /quarantine personnel from the Ministry of Agriculture, a representative each from the Commercial and Trade sectors and the FAO Team Leader, will be formed for consensus building and guiding the project inputs for optimum effectiveness.

January 2000

• The existing quarantine control systems will be reviewed and strengthened for adequacy at the airports, seaports and border posts with emphasis on endangered areas bordering Brazil and Guyana. Phytosanitary control points will be established internally at strategic points to reduce the risk of entry and spread of the pest. Consistent with his Terms of Reference, the IPPC Technical Officer will visit the Carambola fruitfly project in Suriname for establishing collaborative linkages and support, including resource sharing, for the national initiative.

March/April 2000

• An appropriate trapping programme will be established using baited Jackson traps in the states of .....

March/April, 2000

• An effective method for reliable sampling of fresh fruit will be developed.

March/April 2000

• A phytosanitary Training Consultant will prepare and conduct a 2- week local training for about 25 technicians for deployment in pest surveillance, diagnosis, control methods and quarantine in the different states and at the different control points where the threat is perceived.

March/April (To be determined)

• Two persons will be sent to either .... for training in quarantine procedures, bio-ecology, pest behaviour in the field and control/eradication strategies.

January/February (To be determined)

• Technology Transfer/ Extension: Materials for posters, leaflets and radio and television programmes will be developed for an effective public awareness campaign on measures to reduce the risk of pest introduction and spread.

March/ April (To be determined)

A Sub Committee for pest prevention and control will be established as part of a wider coordinated network responsible for phytosanitary measures.

March/ April (To be determined)

The first mission of the International Phytosanitary Consultant and the mission of the IPPC Technical Officer will be synchronized. The second mission will be synchronized with the International Training Consultant and the Technical Backstopping Officer (Regional Office).

V. FAO Contribution

Personnel up to US$55,910

1 International Phytosanitary Consultant (Fruitfly Expert) $20,186

for 6 weeks in 2 missions

DSA $183 * 42 days = $7,686 Honorarium $250 * 42= $10,500

Travel $1,000 * 2 missions = $2,000

1 International TCDC Phytosanitary Training Expert (Fruitfly Expert) $6,124

for 4 weeks in 1 mission

DSA $183 * 28 days = $5,124

Travel $1,000

Advisory Technical Services IPPC/HQ $15,618

for 3 weeks in 1 mission

DSA $183 * 21 days = $3,843

Salary $585* 15 = $8,775

Travel $3,000

Supervisory Technical Services (Regional Office) $9,412

DSA $183 * 14 days=$2,562

Salary $585*10 days =$5,850

Travel $1,000

Materials and Supplies up to $44,300

This amount is limited to procuring the basic elements necessary for training/demonstration and initiation of urgent phytosanitary control measures. The equipment will be specified in detail, within this budgetary limit, by the International Consultant. (see provisional list).

Training up to $18,900

Local training ($12,500)

Per diem: 15 persons * $50 * 14 days = $ 10,500

Site visits (4) = $2,000

The amount budgeted as per diem is contributed towards boarding, meals and related expenses for trainees outside of commuting distances to the training site(s).

Foreign Training ($ 6,400)

2 persons for 2 weeks in ...:

Allowance $ 100 * 2* 14 days =2,800

Travel $800 *2 =$1,600

Miscellaneous (insurance, field visits etc)=$2,000

Official Travel up to $9,000

This amount is budgeted to accommodate Consultants' visits to the various phytosanitary control points, the borders between the adjacent countries for evaluation of the risk associated with movement of people and produce, and to assist the Government in developing a strategy for effective control to reduce the risk of pest introduction.

General Operating Expenses up to 8,000

Direct Operating Expenses up to 13,000

VII. Reporting

All reports will be in Spanish, accompanied by an electronic version on diskette or email attachment, and submitted within one month of mission completion.

The International Phytosanitary Consultant (Fruitfly Expert) will submit a technical report at the end of each mission, and prepare a draft terminal statement.

The International TCDC Training Consultant (Fruitfly Expert) will submit a technical report at the end of the mission.

The Technical Officer from the IPPC/AGPP will submit a technical mission report.

The Technical Backstopping Officer will submit a report of his mission, clear the reports of the other Consultants, and finalize the draft terminal statement.

The national plant protection officers trained abroad will submit a joint report on the training.

VIII. Government Contribution

The Government will provide national personnel who will work with the Consultants for successful implementation and completion of the project.

Nominate a National Coordinator who will establish a Coordinating Committee consisting of representatives of the Phytosanitary, Commerce, Trade and private sectors, to guide the inputs of the International Consultants for appropriateness.

Select candidates for local and foreign training.

Provide offices, training facilities, internal transport, communication, office personnel, internal travel expenses for national personnel.

Make available the necessary resources (human resources, equipment, materials and supplies) for maintaining the integrity and sustainability of the project.

Make complementary resources available to the trainees if budgeted amounts are insufficient.

Provide resources to acquire at least 1 boat (approximately $18,000) for effective monitoring and surveillance in endangered areas that are inaccessible by land transport.

IX. Project Budget

TERMS OF REFERENCE

International Phytosanitary Consultant (Fruitfly Expert)

6 weeks in 2 missions

Under the general supervision of AGPP, and in close collaboration with the other International Consultants and the National counterparts, the International Phytosanitary Expert will:

1. Examine the geographical/trade relationships between Country X and its trading partners and bordering countries to determine:
1. possible pest pathways from infested countries into Country X
2. commodity and host/pest relationships and risk assessment of pathways
3. the pattern of movement of people and produce between Country X and neighbouring countries.
2. Determine the phytosanitary requirements for mitigation of risk of fruitfly introduction and spread.
3. Determine equipment priorities, specifications, sourcing, ordering and deployment/installation.
4. Assist in the establishment of an effective surveillance system in all areas endangered by the risk of fruitfly introduction.
• types of traps and lures
• trap density per unit area
• servicing intervals
• collecting, evaluating and identifying trap catches.
5. Establish an effective fruit sampling method for fruitfly detection in infested fruit.
6. Assist in developing and conducting a two-week training course for national personal for deployment in fruitfly surveillance and related quarantine functions.
7. Develop an emergency response strategy with respect to fruitfly detection and eradication, and prepare phytosanitary officials to execute activities relating to such response.
8. Prepare a report at the end of the first mission, technical report at the end of the project, and a draft terminal statement.

Activities 1-5 should be undertaken during the first mission, activities 6-8 to be undertaken during the second mission.

Qualifications: PhD in Plant Protection or Plant Quarantine, extensive experience in fruitfly management.

TERMS OF REFERENCE

International TCDC Phytosanitary Training Consultant (Fruitfly Expert)

4 weeks in 1 mission

Under the supervision of AGPP, and in close collaboration with International Consultants and national counterparts, the Phytosanitary Training Consultant will:

1. Prepare a detailed training programme with a practical orientation for plant protection officers for deployment in fruitfly surveillance and related quarantine controls.
2. Prepare teaching materials to cover pertinent aspects of the pest biology (e.g. life cycle, hosts, pest recognition, attractants, trapping systems and procedures, distribution and movement) detection and control methods.
3. and conduct a two week training, organize field visits for practical demonstrations.
4. With the assistance of the other consultants, develop a concise procedural manual for surveillance of Carambola fruitfly (if one does not already exist).
5. Coordinate the development of a public awareness programme in collaboration with national plant protection personnel.
6. Prepare a technical report at the end of the mission.

Qualifications: Post graduate degree in Plant Protection or Plant Quarantine, with extensive experience in fruitfly management.

TERMS OF REFERENCE

IPPC Technical Officer

3 weeks

Under the supervision of the Chief, AGPP, and in collaboration with the International Consultants and the National counterparts, the IPPC Technical Officer will:

1. Examine regional phytosanitary resources and related fruitfly projects in order to encourage resource sharing and regional collaboration to prevent the spread of the Carambola fruitfly in the region.
2. Participate in the evaluation and establishment of appropriate phytosanitary safeguards to reduce the risk of entry and spread of the Carambola fruitfly in endangered areas.
3. Ensure that surveillance and sampling activities conform with the International standards of the IPPC and internationally acceptable and verifiable procedures.
4. Advise on the integration of these safeguards with other aspects of the national and regional phytosanitary control systems.
5. Advise on risk management options with due regard for the Principles of quarantine as related to International trade and the New Revised Text of the IPPC, in order to encourage the application of least restrictive measures to regional trade while safeguarding national resources.
6. Prepare a technical report at the end of the mission.

TERMS OF REFERENCE

Technical Backstopping Officer

2 weeks

Under the supervision of AGPP and in close collaboration with the International Consultants and the Project Management Team, the Technical Backstopping Officer will:

Prepare and present an overview of the phytosanitary /trade issues with specific reference to fruitfly status and distribution in the region.

Participate in the delivery of training.

Review the operational aspects of the improved systems to ensure their effectiveness, identify any related problems and to make recommendations for further improvement if necessary.

Give advice to the government on aspects of sustainable follow-up activities necessary to maintain or improve pest exclusion capabilities.

Coordinate inputs of the Consultants to the project.

Prepare a mission report, clear the reports of the Consultants and finalize the draft terminal statement.

Provisional List of equipment and supplies to be provided by FAO

Item	Quantity	Unit price	Total Cost
Jackson traps (trap body, inserts with stickem, wicks and holders)	10000		7,000
McPhail traps	2000		16,000
Methyl eugynol	15gals	40.00	600
Capilure	15 gals	40.00	600
Culure	15gals	40.00	600
Pesticides	50 gals	40.00	2,000
Yeast pellets	50kg	30.00	1,500
Borax pellets	50 kg	30.00	1,500
Specimen boxes, vials and bags and petri dishes			3,000
Alcohol, formaldehyde			500
Knives, tweezers			1,000
Fumigation equipment			8,000
Miscellaneous			2,000
Total			44,300