Land cover changes affect the hydrologic regime of an area, manifested at different spatial and temporal scales. This book highlights results of a technical study commissioned by RELMA-in-ICRAF focussing on the relationship between land use and the local hydrology. Field surveys and Quickbird images were used to establish the impact of land use and landcover changes in Lare Division of Nakuru District in Kenya and how these have contributed to the adoption of rainwater harvesting mainly using ponds. It has also dwelt at length on the technical and socioeconomic aspects of the runoff harvesting ponds. It is hoped that experiences learnt from here can be applied in areas of similar agro-ecological zones within the Eastern and Southern Africa region.