Summarised physical and biotic descriptions of range monitoring sites

Summarized physical and biotic descriptions of range monitoring sites in the study areas

Summarized physical and biotic descriptions of range monitoring sites in the study areas

In October 1995, it became clear that some of the problems faced by the population of Jowhar town, including the occurrence of cholera and other water borne related diseases, were due to lack of adequate clean and potable water supply. Thus in July 1996, Implementation of the rehabilitation of the Jowhar town water supply system started and was completed in September 1997. Since August 1997, about 23,256 persons of Jowhar town have had unlimited access to safe and potable water supply, thus reducing the incidences of water borne diseases such as cholera, thus contributing in Improving the heath of the communities. Furthermore, there has been reduction in the time spent by women and girls In search of clean water and the provision of employment opportunities for community members. Most Importantly for the first time in local history, rival clans were brought together to work for the sole benefit of their communities. It is against this background that UNICEF Somalia has decided to learn from the successes and constraints of the Jowhar town water supply system by conducting an assessment review that will incorporate the following: br • Engineering works done on the rehabilitation of the system by UNICEF,br • Existing and operating management set up of the FARJANO Company, br • Any system expansions done by FARJANO and costs involved,br

This thesis has relevance to any water and/or environment initiatives in both the Somaliland region and the Sahel. It aims to answer the desire among growing numbers of water managers and environmentalists to bring a more lateral approach to the water management debate globally. This thesis explores the general inter-relation between hydrological and man-oriented processes, in relation to current models for water resource development and natural resource management in Somaliland. Extensive reference is drawn to studies published elsewhere in the Sahel. The Sahel and Somaliland are introduced, along with definitions of drought and land degradation. An understanding of paradigms in development co-operation and sustainable development are shown, through a review of the evolution of guiding principles of water resource development in developing countries, and a statement of their usefulness in water scarce developing countries. The EU guidelines for strategic water resource development are reviewed amongst others.

Basic documents, case studies, working papers, workshop proceedings and other related publications

The need for a comprehensive database of the existing water resources and sources can not be over emphasized as the country embarks on the rehabilitation of the destroyed water sources, and the development of new ones. With the increasing demand for permanent water source both for human and livestock consumption, due to increase in the population, it has become necessary to take stock of the available water resources and funds available for development and prioritize intervention strategies taking into consideration the current demand and needs. With the support of UNICEF, working in collaboration with other International Agencies in the water sector, the MOWMR initiated an inventory of all permanent water sources within Somaliland. The survey was conducted from 29th June to 25th July 1999. All the 6 regions of Somaliland namelyAwdal, Galbeed, Sahil, Togdheer, Sool and Saanag were covered in the survey. All known borewells, both functional and non-functional were surveyed. Dugwells within the vicinity of the borewells, potential perennial springs, piped water systems and berkerds within the vicinity of the permanent water sources were also taken into account during the survey. Water quality analyses from selected water sources in areas with high pollution risks were carried out. The study teams also examined the prevailing sanitary conditions around the water sources.